Diabetes over the years has emerged as a major health problem in India. Diabetes, with its acute complications, has become a major health hazard in India. World Health Organisation (WHO) projections show that at present 67 million Indians have diabetes, but half of them are not aware of it. This number is expected to swell to 100 million by the year 2030. Considering the enormous burden of diabetes in India coupled with unawareness of this deadly disease; it is important to realize the cost effective measures of diabetes care such as • Early screening of diabetes and its complications • Monitoring of risk factors • Timely assessment of end organ damage