Diabetes therapy with insulin Insulin plays a key role in metabolism: This hormone alone enables sufficient glucose (sugar) to be transported from the blood to the body's cells, where it is converted into energy. In the case of people with type 1 diabetes the pancreas no longer produces insulin. It must be supplied by means of insulin therapy. Insulin therapy may also be necessary in the case of type 2 diabetes, if prescribed by a healthcare professional. Basics of the therapy In order to ensure that your treatment involving insulin therapy is effective, it is important to understand the following: Your body requires insulin continuously (around the clock) in order to maintain all bodily functions. Additional insulin is required at mealtimes – depending on the amount of carbohydrates you consume.