What Are the Treatment Options for Thyroid Disease? Treatment depends on the specific condition and its severity. Options may include: - Thyroid hormone replacement for hypothyroidism. - Medicines that reduce thyroid hormone production for certain cases of hyperthyroidism. - Radioactive iodine treatment or surgery for selected conditions. - Monitoring of some thyroid nodules. - Regular follow-up and blood tests to assess treatment response. Do not start, stop or change thyroid medication without consulting a qualified healthcare professional. When Should You Consult a Doctor? Consider a medical consultation if you experience persistent symptoms associated with thyroid disorders, notice swelling or a lump in your neck, or have abnormal thyroid test results. Prompt assessment is especially important if you have a very rapid or irregular heartbeat, difficulty breathing or difficulty swallowing.